Description

This time period includes the canal era, business expansion, the beginnings of the coal industry and the Civil War. Transportation changed rapidly during this time progressing from the Native footpaths to stagecoach travel, ferries, steamboats, and finally railroads. Three wars, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, and the Civil War occurred during this time period as well. Men from our area fought in each one. Consider how national events influenced the valley. In addition, students could continue to look at how the geography of the valley influenced where people settled and what occupations were established.

Questions

1. Why are newspapers so important to culture? What early newspapers were established here?
2. Transportation took off with the establishment of two turnpikes and ferries across the river. What was the outcome of the improvement of transportation?
3. How did our geography hinder transportation of coal?
4. Name three men who helped to establish a market for coal.
5. Who were the businessmen that helped to lead our valley industries? How did their visions help to shape the valley economy?
6. How did the canal system change our economy?
7. What immigrants came to the valley before 1865? Why do you think they came?
8. What challenges might immigrants have faced?
9. How did the establishment of churches and synagogues influence life in the valley? How are they a reflection of the values of the settlers?
10. In your opinion, why did William Gildersleeve encounter such hostility for bringing an abolitionist message to Wilkes-Barre?
11. How did Charles Miner and William Gildersleeve play a role in stopping slavery?
12. Name three famous men from our area that fought in the Civil War.
13. Miners were important during the Civil War as coal was used for heat and fuel. Yet they faced low wages and harsh working conditions. They wanted to go on strike. Do you think they should? Why?

Additional Resources

Download Chapter 3 PDF